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Movie mogul George Lucas is best known for the six films in his Star Wars saga. The writer/director recently released Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, the sixth and final film in his epic tale of good versus evil, heroes, villains and aliens in a "galaxy far, far away."

But his career didn't begin with Star Wars. His humble beginnings came while he was a student at the University of Southern California (USC) film school, where he made the short film THX-1138 about a futuristic society. The film afforded him the opportunity to work with director Francis Ford Coppola, and the two quickly became friends. They started their own production company, American Zoetrope, in 1969. The company's first production was an expanded version of THX-1138, starring Robert Duvall, in 1971.

Next, he formed his own company, Lucasfilm Ltd. (LFL). He wrote and directed the 1973 hit American Graffiti, a humorous, semi-autobiographical film about teenagers in the late 1950s that starred Richard Dreyfuss, Ron Howard, and Harrison Ford in his first acting role. The film was nominated for five Academy Awards, including Best Picture; it won a Golden Globe for Best Picture in the Musical/Comedy category; and it was nominated for and won several lesser awards.

After gaining power and recognition in Hollywood, Lucas set out to make a film in the thread of past serials like Flash Gordon and Planet of the Apes. In 1973 he began writing a screenplay for a science fiction film that would take place in another galaxy and follow the adventures of Anakin Starkiller. In a later draft he would be known as Luke Starkiller, and eventually Luke Skywalker, brought to life in 1977 in the film Star Wars.

Knowing that the special effects that would be needed to tell a believable story in outer space weren't yet available, he established Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) in 1975. The company's sole purpose was to create and implement ways to make what he needed for the film. Today, ILM is one of the leading effects houses, creating lavish visual enhancements for countless films such as the Indiana Jones and Jurassic Park series, The Abyss and Terminator 2: Judgment Day. With the advancement of computer graphics and digital technology over the past 30 years, ILM has also revolutionized the processes in which films are made.

But Star Wars wasn't an easy sell. The film had no star power and featured three newcomers (Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher and Mark Hamill) alongside screen legends Alec Guinness and Peter Cushing, who were cast in supporting roles. Lucas was turned down by numerous movie studios before 20th Century Fox gave him his shot, albeit a risky one for both the the studio and the director. In a move that has turned out to be one of the biggest risks ever, he agreed to give up his salary in exchange for 40% of the film's box office receipts and for the rights to any merchandising that might come from the film's success. It paid off, and Star Wars went on to break all sorts of records. Ultimately, the film won seven Academy Awards and afforded Lucas the opportunity to finish telling his tale in the two sequels to Star Wars, The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi.

In 1981, on the heels of "Empire," Lucas paired with director Steven Spielberg and released the adventure film Raiders of the Lost Ark, which starred Ford and won five cademy Awards. The film would launch two sequels, Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom and Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. In 1988 he wrote the story for the fantasy film Willow, which starred Val Kilmer and was directed by Howard. He moved to television next, and in 1992 produced The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, starring Sean Patrick Flanery. It was a short lived series that followed the adventures of the young hero made famous by Ford in "Raiders."

1999 marked the end of a 16-year hiatus from the Star Wars saga. To the delight of fans across the globe, Lucas released the first of three "prequels" to his space-opera: Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace. The story followed the adventures of a young Anakin Skywalker (Jake Lloyd), who would ultimately grow up and become one of cinema's greatest villains--Darth Vader. Its sequel, Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones, followed and both films were met with mediocrity, lacking the spirit of the original three films.

Is there life after Star Wars? In numerous interviews Lucas has stated that he now wants to start producing films for the sole purpose of entertaining himself and doesn't care whether anyone likes them or not. He feels that he's "earned that right." He just bought and upgraded a new complex overlooking the San Francisco Bay that will house his entire filmmaking empire, previously located at Skywalker Ranch in the San Fernando Valley. As for Star Wars, that saga will be kept alive through recently announced plans for a live-action television series focusing on peripheral characters, and it will take place in the time period of the 20 or so years between the two trilogies. A cartoon series will also be produced in conjunction with the Cartoon Network, so it's a safe bet that Star Wars will be sticking around for a while.

Lucas was born May 14, 1944, in Modesto, California, and he was raised on a walnut ranch. After a fateful car accident, his dreams of one day becoming a racecar driver changed. Soon he took an interest in film and attended Modesto Junior College before moving on to USC, and the rest is history. In 1992, the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences presented Lucas with the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award, which is presented to outstanding film producers.
Along with his friend and occasional collaborator Steven Spielberg, George Lucas was the key figure behind the American film industry's evolution (or, according to most critics, de-evolution) from cinema to spectacle during the late '70s. The mastermind behind two of the most lucrative franchises in history -- Star Wars and the Indiana Jones features, respectively -- Lucas redefined the concept of the Hollywood motion picture, shifting the focus of film away from acting and personal storytelling to special effects, production design, and rapid-fire action. Remaining at all times on the cutting edge of merchandising and technology, he forever altered the ways in which movies are perceived by audiences and studios alike.

Born May 14, 1944, in Modesto, CA, George Walton Lucas Jr.'s first love was not filmmaking, but auto racing. Only a serious wreck forced him out of the sport, and he eventually enrolled in the University of Southern California's famed film school program. There his experimental short subject THX 1138 won a number of awards and helped earn him an internship at Warner Bros. studios, where he worked as a production assistant on fellow U.S.C. alum Francis Ford Coppola's 1969 effort The Rain People. After working on the Al and David Maysles brothers' 1970 Rolling Stones documentary Gimme Shelter, Lucas (with Coppola's financial assistance) mounted a feature-length remake of THX 1138. The end result, starring Robert Duvall, won rave reviews, and swiftly established itself as a major cult favorite.

The success of THX 1138 brought Lucas to the attention of Universal Studios, which agreed to finance 1973's nostalgic American Graffiti, a superb reminiscence on early-'60s America which launched the motion-picture careers of talents including Richard Dreyfuss, Ron Howard, and Harrison Ford. Even more important was the film's soundtrack, a collection of vintage rock & roll hits which became an immediate best-seller and established the formula for movie soundtracks for decades to come. Shot on a miniscule budget, American Graffiti grossed over 145 million dollars, and earned a number of Academy Award nominations including nods for Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay. Suddenly, Lucas was a major Hollywood player, and he was given much greater latitude and support in developing his next project.

That next project proved to be 1977's Star Wars, one of the most important and successful films in Hollywood history. A space opera inspired by the writings of Joseph Campbell (as well as, in no small part, Akira Kurosawa's The Hidden Fortress), it incorporated elements of mythology and religion to create a self-contained universe populated by larger-than-life characters in extraordinary situations, all achieved with the latest in cutting-edge technology. Made for just under ten million dollars, Star Wars grossed over 400 million dollars globally on just its initial run alone, creating a cottage industry of toys, comic books, and other collectibles and establishing science fiction as Hollywood's dominant genre. On the down side, it effectively ended a renaissance in American filmmaking, shifting the focus away from the personal, character-driven films of directors like Coppola, Martin Scorsese, and Robert Altman to action-packed, special effects-powered events.

The overwhelming success of Star Wars did more than simply alter the kinds of films the studios looked to produce, however; it also forever changed the way films were made. The most notable aspect of the picture's storytelling was its breakneck pacing, edited by Lucas himself in tandem with his wife. Seemingly no film had ever moved so quickly, and its overwhelming success proved not only that a generation weaned on the rapid pace of television could easily absorb such an onslaught of image and sound, but that this was the kind of narrative they wanted to see on a regular basis. Studios scrambled to develop their own sci-fi projects, while Lucas himself turned to studying the pioneering special effects work of innovators like Willis O'Brien and Linwood Dunn, ultimately establishing his own F/X company, Industrial Light and Magic, to assist other filmmakers and technicians in creating the most accomplished visuals possible.

Among Lucas' most significant achievements were implementing increased frame rates and the use of optical zooms to create the illusion of lightspeed space travel. To better integrate his effects while avoiding the graininess often inherent in 35 mm film, he also adopted the 70 mm format first advocated decades earlier by Mike Todd. The work of the Industrial Light and Magic team quickly became the industry standard, constantly remaining two or three steps ahead of their competition by applying the latest technological advances to manufacture seamless visual effects. Eventually, they became among the very first to work with computer graphics. Lucas also established Skywalker Sound, a state-of-the-art post-production audio facility which later developed THX, a means of creating new levels of sophistication in motion-picture soundtracks.

Given the flurry of activity that followed in the wake of Star Wars, Lucas opted not to direct his screenplay for the film's inevitable sequel, 1980's The Empire Strikes Back, instead handing the reins over to Irvin Kershner. Widely considered the best of the Star Wars films, it was another massive hit, with a cliffhanger ending which left audiences dangling in suspense waiting for the third part of the trilogy. However, Lucas' next project, which he worked on with director Steven Spielberg, was the screenplay for 1981's Raiders of the Lost Ark, an adventure inspired by the old-time movie serials. Starring Harrison Ford as the renowned archaeologist Indiana Jones, Raiders was another blockbuster, later inspiring two sequels, 1984's Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom and 1989's Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, as well as a short-lived television series, Young Indiana Jones.

Now working almost exclusively in the capacity of executive producer, Lucas wrapped up the Star Wars trilogy in 1983 with Return of the Jedi. His next major project was also his first unmitigated disaster: 1986's Howard the Duck. Based on a cult hit from -Marvel Comics, the film was both a critical and commercial bomb, while 1988's sword-and-sorcery epic Willow failed to fare much better. Subsequently, his Lucasfilms imprint was largely absent from theaters for several years amid constant rumors of a new series of Star Wars films. However, when Lucas returned in 1994 it was with Radioland Murders, another conspicuous failure based on a script he had penned decades earlier. In 1997, he reissued the Star Wars trilogy in theaters with additional footage and newly revised special effects, all to massive box-office success. Finally, that summer he also began pre-production on the first of the hotly anticipated new Star Wars features. The first of the new trilogy, Star Wars: Episode I-The Phantom Menace, opened in May of 1999. Despite an almost unprecedented degree of marketing, rumor, and advance ticket sales, the film failed to live up to the colossal expectations that industry and media observers placed upon it. In addition to receiving unenthusiastic reviews and weak word-of-mouth, it also didn't surpass Titanic's box-office record, as many had expected it would. However, The Phantom Menace still proved to be a very profitable affair, grossing well over 400 million dollars, and legions of Lucas fans came out of theaters already impatient for the trilogy's next installment. Though Star Wars, Episode II: Attack of the Clones was greeted with largely negative reviews by critcs, longtime fans of the series nevertheless costumed-up and assembled en masse in front of multiplexes nationwide in anticipation for the next chapter in Anakin Skywalker's continuing fall to the dark side. Generally considered an improvement over the previous installment by fans, the film also made film history in being the first feature to be digitally shot and projected in theaters, prompting many to mark the days of celluliod entertainment in the traditional sense. Though it had strong adversarial competition in the form of everyones favorite web-slinging superhero Spider-Man, Attack of the Clones still managed to make a splash at the box-office. Jason Ankeny, All Movie Guide

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